An open API service providing repository metadata for many open source software ecosystems.

Topic: "bison"

chai2010/go-ast-book

:books: 《Go语言定制指南》(原名:Go语法树入门/开源免费图书/Go语言进阶/掌握抽象语法树/Go语言AST)

Language: Go - Size: 4.45 MB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 5,509 - Forks: 655

germanoa/compiladores

Language: C - Size: 107 MB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: over 3 years ago - Stars: 619 - Forks: 209

Genivia/RE-flex

Yet another high-performance C++ regex library and lexical analyzer generator like Flex: extends Flex++ with Unicode support, indent/dedent anchors, lazy quantifiers, functions for lex and syntax error reporting and more. Seamlessly integrates with Bison and other parsers.

Language: C++ - Size: 74.1 MB - Last synced at: 14 days ago - Pushed at: 7 months ago - Stars: 578 - Forks: 92

lexxmark/winflexbison

Main winflexbision repository

Language: C - Size: 8.13 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 451 - Forks: 136

akimd/bison

GNU Bison

Language: C - Size: 17.9 MB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: about 3 years ago - Stars: 348 - Forks: 97

analang/como-lang-ng

como-lang-ng is now ana-lang, located at https://github.com/analang/ana

Language: C - Size: 317 KB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: over 6 years ago - Stars: 343 - Forks: 33

ruby/lrama

Pure Ruby LALR parser generator

Language: Ruby - Size: 4.49 MB - Last synced at: 13 days ago - Pushed at: 15 days ago - Stars: 316 - Forks: 31

bilibili/jni4android

JNI Generater for Android

Language: C - Size: 221 KB - Last synced at: 4 months ago - Pushed at: over 7 years ago - Stars: 311 - Forks: 83

stardust95/TinyCompiler

c compiler based on flex(lex), bison(yacc) and LLVM, supports LLVM IR and obj code generation. 基于flex,bison以及LLVM,使用c++11实现的类C语法编译器, 支持生成中间代码及可执行文件.

Language: C++ - Size: 73.4 MB - Last synced at: about 2 years ago - Pushed at: over 8 years ago - Stars: 217 - Forks: 54

arcsysu/SYsU-lang

A mini, simple and modular compiler for SYsU/SysY(tiny C). Based on Clang/LLVM/ANTLR4/Bison/Flex.

Language: C - Size: 3.27 MB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: about 1 year ago - Stars: 214 - Forks: 39

ezaquarii/bison-flex-cpp-example

GNU Bison and GNU Flex C++ example

Language: C++ - Size: 11.7 KB - Last synced at: 8 months ago - Pushed at: about 6 years ago - Stars: 214 - Forks: 30

esrrhs/fake

嵌入式脚本语言 Lightweight embedded scripting language

Language: C++ - Size: 31.9 MB - Last synced at: 2 months ago - Pushed at: almost 3 years ago - Stars: 213 - Forks: 56

drifter1/compiler

This is an implementation of a compiler for a simple C-like language that uses the C tools Flex and Bison.

Language: C - Size: 1.49 MB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: 3 months ago - Stars: 188 - Forks: 40

jonathan-beard/simple_wc_example

simple word count example using flex/bison parser

Language: C++ - Size: 243 KB - Last synced at: 7 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 years ago - Stars: 140 - Forks: 43

GerHobbelt/jison Fork of zaach/jison

bison / YACC / LEX in JavaScript (LALR(1), SLR(1), etc. lexer/parser generator)

Language: JavaScript - Size: 32.2 MB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: almost 5 years ago - Stars: 125 - Forks: 21

ropensci/spocc

Species occurrence data toolkit for R

Language: R - Size: 15.1 MB - Last synced at: 17 days ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 123 - Forks: 28

kamadorueda/santiago

Santiago is a lexing and parsing toolkit for Rust

Language: Rust - Size: 504 KB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: over 3 years ago - Stars: 102 - Forks: 8

jgarzik/sqlfun

Modern SQL parser using Bison (Yacc) and Flex

Language: Yacc - Size: 92.8 KB - Last synced at: about 1 year ago - Pushed at: about 1 year ago - Stars: 81 - Forks: 36

VedantParanjape/simpPRU

Intuitive language for PRU which compiles down to PRU C

Language: C - Size: 4.79 MB - Last synced at: 6 months ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 71 - Forks: 11

Clownacy/clownassembler

Motorola 68000 assembler, clone of SN 68k (A.K.A. asm68k).

Language: C - Size: 1.44 MB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: 3 months ago - Stars: 67 - Forks: 8

sunxfancy/flex-bison-examples

a list of flex/bison examples to show reentrant/C++/error-handling

Language: C - Size: 97.7 KB - Last synced at: 7 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 years ago - Stars: 67 - Forks: 7

JudsonSS/Compiladores

Curso de Compiladores

Language: C++ - Size: 10.4 MB - Last synced at: almost 2 years ago - Pushed at: over 3 years ago - Stars: 53 - Forks: 12

hmgle/yascm

Yet Another Scheme Interpreter using flex and bison

Language: C - Size: 147 KB - Last synced at: 17 days ago - Pushed at: 19 days ago - Stars: 49 - Forks: 12

Aman-4-Real/PL0_Compiler

PL0 Compiler 编译原理 C 语言 实现的 PL/0 编译器 flex & bison

Language: C - Size: 5.84 MB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: about 6 years ago - Stars: 43 - Forks: 10

akhtyamovpavel/CompilersCourse

Theory of compilation course, MIPT

Language: C++ - Size: 318 KB - Last synced at: over 1 year ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 39 - Forks: 17

lucasb-eyer/flex-bison-indentation

An example of how to correctly parse python-like indentation-scoped files using flex (and bison).

Language: Lex - Size: 11.7 KB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: almost 7 years ago - Stars: 39 - Forks: 2

hkveeranki/Decaf-Compiler

Compiler for Decaf Programming Language

Language: C++ - Size: 12.8 MB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: 9 months ago - Stars: 38 - Forks: 8

mrsuh/php-bison-skeleton

PHP skeleton for Bison

Language: M4 - Size: 166 KB - Last synced at: 8 months ago - Pushed at: about 1 year ago - Stars: 37 - Forks: 2

kaushiksk/mini-c-compiler

Course Project in Compiler Design - A compiler for a subset of the C language

Language: Yacc - Size: 6.83 MB - Last synced at: 4 months ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 37 - Forks: 22

chai2010/calculator

基于flex&goyacc实现的计算器

Language: Go - Size: 62.5 KB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 29 - Forks: 4

lukeparser/pybison Fork of eugeneai/pybison

Use Bison directly from Python

Language: M4 - Size: 1.78 MB - Last synced at: 4 months ago - Pushed at: about 1 year ago - Stars: 28 - Forks: 6

mingodad/parsertl-playground

A web based playground for parsertl/lexertl

Language: GAP - Size: 5.04 MB - Last synced at: 4 months ago - Pushed at: 4 months ago - Stars: 27 - Forks: 1

Youggls/Compiler

南开大学软件学院编译原理作业:简单C语言编译器

Language: C++ - Size: 311 KB - Last synced at: over 2 years ago - Pushed at: about 5 years ago - Stars: 26 - Forks: 4

ehwan/RustyLR

bison-like Parser generator & Compiler frontend framework that generate optimised IELR(1)/LALR(1) tables with Deterministic LR and Non-Deterministic GLR parsing. Write custom reduce actions in Rust and get beautiful diagnostics out of the box.

Language: Rust - Size: 3.11 MB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: 3 months ago - Stars: 23 - Forks: 0

zerofang/myDBMS

SQL解释器,内存键值对数据库,SQL interpreter,LEX&YACC,FLEX&BISON

Language: C - Size: 19.5 KB - Last synced at: almost 3 years ago - Pushed at: over 5 years ago - Stars: 23 - Forks: 11

Suloch/chirp

Interpreter in C for rockstar programing language

Language: C - Size: 158 KB - Last synced at: 8 months ago - Pushed at: almost 2 years ago - Stars: 22 - Forks: 5

Alhadis/language-grammars

Syntax highlighting for ABNF/BNF/EBNF, Yacc, and other language-related languages.

Language: CSON - Size: 572 KB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: about 3 years ago - Stars: 22 - Forks: 5

Yeaseen/EduCComp

:hamburger: A subset of C Compiler[Lexical Analyzer, Syntax Analyzer, Semantic Analyzer & Intermediate Code Generator] , DAG & TAC implemented in C++ using Flex and Yacc-Bison as an assignment of sessional course CSE310 in undergradute studies in CSE, BUET

Language: C - Size: 6.19 MB - Last synced at: 8 months ago - Pushed at: almost 2 years ago - Stars: 21 - Forks: 3

onlyuser/NatLang

NatLang is an English parser with an extensible grammar

Language: C++ - Size: 187 KB - Last synced at: 7 months ago - Pushed at: about 7 years ago - Stars: 21 - Forks: 4

sdasgup3/parallel-processor-design

Super scalar Processor design

Language: Verilog - Size: 137 KB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: over 11 years ago - Stars: 21 - Forks: 3

mishal23/mini-c-compiler

Projects for Lexical Analyzer, Parser, Semantic Analyzer and ICG Phase in Compiler for subset of C type Language

Language: Yacc - Size: 2.64 MB - Last synced at: over 1 year ago - Pushed at: almost 5 years ago - Stars: 20 - Forks: 23

cjhdev/contrived_json

A JSON parser implemented using Flex, Bison, and Ruby

Language: C - Size: 58.6 KB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 7 years ago - Stars: 19 - Forks: 0

jmillikin/rules_bison

Bazel build rules for GNU Bison

Language: Starlark - Size: 142 KB - Last synced at: 6 months ago - Pushed at: 9 months ago - Stars: 18 - Forks: 27

ahmedihabb2/MangaCC

Transform Ideas into Executable Brilliance.

Language: JavaScript - Size: 2.53 MB - Last synced at: 6 months ago - Pushed at: over 2 years ago - Stars: 17 - Forks: 1

drbeco/hellex

Simple "Hello World" for lex (flex) and yacc (bison) compiler of compilers

Language: Makefile - Size: 10.7 KB - Last synced at: over 2 years ago - Pushed at: about 7 years ago - Stars: 17 - Forks: 10

shun126/Mana

Mana is an actor-oriented scripting language for games

Language: C++ - Size: 2.76 MB - Last synced at: 13 days ago - Pushed at: 14 days ago - Stars: 16 - Forks: 4

alphastar-avi/Cookie-lang

Cookie is a custom compiler & programming language designed to be simple, intuitive, and easy to use, making it accessible to anyone interested in programming

Language: C - Size: 7.06 MB - Last synced at: 6 months ago - Pushed at: 6 months ago - Stars: 16 - Forks: 3

RaisinTen/fs-make

Make a folder structure from its description

Language: C++ - Size: 1.02 MB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 16 - Forks: 1

steinerkelvin/c-to-wasm-compiler-project

Small C to WebAsssembly compiler developed for the Compilers course at UFES

Language: WebAssembly - Size: 10.1 MB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: almost 4 years ago - Stars: 16 - Forks: 2

martinferianc/C90Compiler-EIE2

C90 to MIPS I Compiler done as a coursework for EE2-15

Language: C++ - Size: 7.13 MB - Last synced at: almost 3 years ago - Pushed at: over 6 years ago - Stars: 16 - Forks: 2

thiagopbueno/pddlparser-pp

Domain and problem PDDL parser in C/C++ using Flex & Bison.

Language: C++ - Size: 43.9 KB - Last synced at: 7 months ago - Pushed at: over 6 years ago - Stars: 16 - Forks: 2

ngdream/H5assembler

code satic html pages without repeating yourself

Language: Yacc - Size: 470 KB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: almost 3 years ago - Stars: 15 - Forks: 6

Funny-OpenSource-Projects/spanish-php

A PHP version with support for spanish scripting, Why? because we can ... 🤷‍♂️

Language: C - Size: 21 MB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: about 5 years ago - Stars: 14 - Forks: 1

pevalme/HTTPValidator

An Input Validator for HTTP based on Context-free Languages

Language: Lex - Size: 165 KB - Last synced at: almost 3 years ago - Pushed at: over 8 years ago - Stars: 14 - Forks: 0

zarif98sjs/cse-buet-academics

A log of all the coding stuffs I have done as part of my CSE BUET undergard academic life.

Size: 1.26 MB - Last synced at: almost 2 years ago - Pushed at: almost 4 years ago - Stars: 13 - Forks: 2

yangzebin001/BeC---compiler

Language: C++ - Size: 95.1 MB - Last synced at: almost 3 years ago - Pushed at: almost 4 years ago - Stars: 13 - Forks: 1

agustin-golmar/Flex-Bison-Compiler

A base compiler example, developed with Flex and Bison.

Language: C - Size: 114 KB - Last synced at: 4 months ago - Pushed at: 4 months ago - Stars: 12 - Forks: 21

6QHTSK/HUST-Compilers-Principles-Task

华中科技大学2021年编译原理实验

Language: C++ - Size: 738 KB - Last synced at: over 2 years ago - Pushed at: almost 3 years ago - Stars: 12 - Forks: 3

SE2Dev/gsc_parser

A cross-platform parser for Call of Duty's GSC files

Language: C++ - Size: 10.7 MB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: about 5 years ago - Stars: 12 - Forks: 2

Elnath-123/SimpleCppBison

BJUT Principle of Compiler Experiment Example

Language: C++ - Size: 63.5 KB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: almost 6 years ago - Stars: 12 - Forks: 0

OmarBazaraa/MppCompiler

A simple programming language written using Lex and Yacc.

Language: C++ - Size: 768 KB - Last synced at: 4 months ago - Pushed at: over 6 years ago - Stars: 12 - Forks: 4

keybraker/greely

A lexical and grammatical analyzer for the Greek language

Language: Objective-C - Size: 79.3 MB - Last synced at: over 1 year ago - Pushed at: almost 7 years ago - Stars: 12 - Forks: 0

SubjectNoi/X0-PL0-Compiler-Public

This is a developing version, or snapshot of X0 compiler, which is a compiler of a mini-C language.

Language: Yacc - Size: 572 KB - Last synced at: almost 3 years ago - Pushed at: almost 7 years ago - Stars: 12 - Forks: 0

MightyPancake/axo

A programming language meant to modernize C

Language: C - Size: 30.1 MB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 11 - Forks: 2

ketgg/Hana

Hana is an elegant, clean and minimalistic interpreted programming language inspired from lua, python and javascript <3

Language: C++ - Size: 599 KB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: over 2 years ago - Stars: 11 - Forks: 1

AdelRizq/A3E

A3E is a simple programming language compiler similar to C++ built using Flex and Bison and a simple GUI for testing.

Language: Yacc - Size: 10.3 MB - Last synced at: 5 months ago - Pushed at: over 3 years ago - Stars: 11 - Forks: 0

Saiteja-Reddy/Decaf-Compiler

A Compiler made for the Decaf Language using Flex, Bison and LLVM IR for generating code dump and interpreting.

Language: C++ - Size: 17.5 MB - Last synced at: over 2 years ago - Pushed at: about 7 years ago - Stars: 11 - Forks: 4

ibipul/latex2html

This is a simple project that used Flex and Bison to parse a latex file and generate the corresponding HTML representation.

Language: TeX - Size: 141 KB - Last synced at: over 2 years ago - Pushed at: almost 12 years ago - Stars: 11 - Forks: 1

md-rashed-zaman/Compiler-Design-Projects

A simple compiler design - course project

Language: C - Size: 90.8 KB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: over 2 years ago - Stars: 10 - Forks: 1

YJDoc2/The-Transpiler-Project

A transpiler which compiles c-like syntax to pure C. This supports classes, let declaration, for-in loops. Created using Flex and Bison.

Language: C - Size: 1.95 MB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: over 5 years ago - Stars: 10 - Forks: 1

MissingBitStudios/kyte

Shader language and compiler

Language: C++ - Size: 1.2 MB - Last synced at: 2 months ago - Pushed at: over 5 years ago - Stars: 10 - Forks: 1

r0ller/alice

A Language Interpreter as semantiC Experiment in natural language processing

Language: C++ - Size: 306 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 9 - Forks: 0

NKU-RuntimeError/tiny-compiler

A simple compiler for SysY (tiny C). Based on Bison, LLVM.

Language: C++ - Size: 623 KB - Last synced at: about 1 year ago - Pushed at: about 1 year ago - Stars: 9 - Forks: 3

nanomq/hocon

hocon parser

Language: C - Size: 64.5 KB - Last synced at: 2 months ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 9 - Forks: 1

bmpi-dev/todo_parser_lib

Language: JavaScript - Size: 104 KB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: about 3 years ago - Stars: 9 - Forks: 4

jesings/JOECC

Jonathan's Optimizing and Extensible C Compiler (pronounced "joke"), called as such because the name, just like any attempt to use the compiler in place of an industrial strength one like gcc or clang, is a poorly written joke.

Language: C - Size: 1.18 MB - Last synced at: almost 3 years ago - Pushed at: over 3 years ago - Stars: 9 - Forks: 0

mstern98/topologic-git

A library to simulate DFAs and Probabilistic DFAs using context switching. This library provides a way to build and define the behavior of a graph. The client is able to define the function each vertex and edge of the graph make and how the graph transitions from one (the first valid edge) or to many states, as well as which states the graph starts in.

Language: C - Size: 5.74 MB - Last synced at: about 1 year ago - Pushed at: almost 5 years ago - Stars: 9 - Forks: 1

haruming/Mini-cpp

This is a MiniC++ compiler written in Flex & Bison

Language: C - Size: 24.4 KB - Last synced at: almost 3 years ago - Pushed at: about 8 years ago - Stars: 9 - Forks: 2

gbuzykin/parsegen

A tool for LALR-grammar based parser generation

Language: C++ - Size: 141 KB - Last synced at: 7 days ago - Pushed at: 10 days ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 1

reginaldford/sms

Symbolic Math System scripting language

Language: C - Size: 1.53 MB - Last synced at: 17 days ago - Pushed at: 19 days ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 2

DiscreteTom/retsac 📦

Text lexer and parser. Compiler frontend framework.

Language: TypeScript - Size: 3.64 MB - Last synced at: 3 months ago - Pushed at: 11 months ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 1

IVIosab/carbonic-c

Lightweight Pascal/Oberon-like imperative programming language

Language: C++ - Size: 818 KB - Last synced at: over 1 year ago - Pushed at: over 2 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 1

BaseMax/ETCompilerGenerator

A tiny and old version of ONE(old name: ET) compiler written in C that generates C code as bytecode to build executable output. (lexer, parser, generator, flex, bison)

Language: C - Size: 65.4 KB - Last synced at: 8 months ago - Pushed at: over 4 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 1

iricartb/university-c-compiler-flex-bison

Ivan Ricart Borges - C compiler using Flex & Bison, Bison is a generator of syntactic analyzers, a substitute for yacc ("Yet Another Compiler Compiler", another compiler of compilers).

Language: C - Size: 133 KB - Last synced at: 9 months ago - Pushed at: over 4 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 1

adharshkamath/Mathy-Compiler

A compiler to generate OpenMP programs for equations involving constructs like Forall, Summation, etc., frequently used in the scientific domain

Language: C - Size: 1.26 MB - Last synced at: 6 months ago - Pushed at: over 4 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 2

IliesChibane/Projet-COMPIL_Mini-Compilateur

a Mini compiler made in C and Flex/Bison for an university project

Language: C - Size: 382 KB - Last synced at: 8 months ago - Pushed at: almost 5 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 1

MFori/mlang

Simple programming language using LLVM, flex and bison.

Language: C++ - Size: 8.82 MB - Last synced at: 6 months ago - Pushed at: about 5 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 0

WHU-gentle/CompilerProject

编译原理大作业,使用Flex和Bison对Cminus进行词法分析与语法分析

Language: C - Size: 318 KB - Last synced at: over 2 years ago - Pushed at: almost 6 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 4

5nord/bison-example

Simple example how to get a flex/bison project up and running

Language: C - Size: 8.79 KB - Last synced at: 5 months ago - Pushed at: over 7 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 1

andylamp/ptucc_compiler

A simple ptuc to C compiler using flex and bison.

Language: Yacc - Size: 116 KB - Last synced at: over 2 years ago - Pushed at: over 7 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 2

camilne/toy-compiler

A toy compiler project to experiment with compilers and computer architecture

Language: C++ - Size: 235 KB - Last synced at: over 2 years ago - Pushed at: over 7 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 0

lindenb/newicktools

Misc tools for newick format

Language: Yacc - Size: 17.6 KB - Last synced at: 13 days ago - Pushed at: almost 9 years ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 1

Chubek/ZephyrASDL

An implementation of Zephyr ASDL in C, targeting C

Language: C - Size: 485 KB - Last synced at: 8 months ago - Pushed at: about 1 year ago - Stars: 7 - Forks: 2

JACOBIN-SCTCS/SUBSET_COMPILER

A compiler which produces intermediate code using flex and bison

Language: Yacc - Size: 16.6 KB - Last synced at: over 1 year ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 7 - Forks: 2

The-Tin-Foil-Hat-Society/tin

A procedural programming language written primarily for use on RISC-V hardware.

Language: C - Size: 512 KB - Last synced at: about 2 years ago - Pushed at: about 2 years ago - Stars: 7 - Forks: 1

onlyuser/XLang

XLang is a parser framework for language modeling

Language: C++ - Size: 3.73 MB - Last synced at: 8 months ago - Pushed at: over 7 years ago - Stars: 7 - Forks: 2

BISONNL/NeTEx-NL

Nederlands Profiel NeTEx

Size: 9.15 MB - Last synced at: 7 months ago - Pushed at: 7 months ago - Stars: 6 - Forks: 4

therealdreg/dregs-flex-bison-example Fork of Kokan/flex-bison-example

(Dreg's fork) A compiler and interpreter of a toy language. Using C++, Flex and Bison. "While language"

Language: C++ - Size: 824 KB - Last synced at: over 1 year ago - Pushed at: over 2 years ago - Stars: 6 - Forks: 1

zarif98sjs/CSE-310-Compiler

CSE-310 Compiler Sessional

Language: Yacc - Size: 40.3 MB - Last synced at: almost 2 years ago - Pushed at: about 3 years ago - Stars: 6 - Forks: 2

melchisedech333/lex-yacc-experiments

:wrench: My studies involving context-free grammar analysis. The analyzers were built using familiar tools such as YACC, Lex and Bison. Topics covered include token filtering, simple variable manipulation, and arrays.

Language: Yacc - Size: 283 KB - Last synced at: 6 months ago - Pushed at: about 3 years ago - Stars: 6 - Forks: 1