GitHub topics: rendering-engine
LoneWandererProductions/VoxelSpace
Based on the terrain engine of the old comanche game.
Language: C# - Size: 1.11 MB - Last synced at: about 12 hours ago - Pushed at: about 13 hours ago - Stars: 1 - Forks: 0
ricardoboss/D3pth
.stl renderer written in C# and SkiaSharp
Language: C# - Size: 22.8 MB - Last synced at: about 13 hours ago - Pushed at: about 14 hours ago - Stars: 1 - Forks: 0
angstrom-123/CPU-Raytracing
Toy CPU path tracer
Language: Java - Size: 9.44 MB - Last synced at: about 13 hours ago - Pushed at: about 14 hours ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
BloCamLimb/ModernUI
Modern desktop framework from low-level 3D graphics API to high-level view model, for development of 2D/3D rendering software or game engine, with internationalization support and many new technologies.
Language: Java - Size: 67.1 MB - Last synced at: 1 day ago - Pushed at: 1 day ago - Stars: 309 - Forks: 19
odoo/paper-muncher
📄 An experimental document-generation tool
Language: C++ - Size: 47.7 MB - Last synced at: 3 days ago - Pushed at: 3 days ago - Stars: 141 - Forks: 18
thorvg/thorvg
Thor Vector Graphics is a lightweight portable library used for drawing vector-based scenes and animations including SVG and Lottie. It can be freely utilized across various software platforms and applications to visualize graphical contents.
Language: C++ - Size: 379 MB - Last synced at: 3 days ago - Pushed at: 3 days ago - Stars: 1,073 - Forks: 131
KTStephano/StratusGFX
Realtime 3D rendering engine
Language: C++ - Size: 314 MB - Last synced at: about 23 hours ago - Pushed at: about 24 hours ago - Stars: 747 - Forks: 39
ssloy/tinyrenderer
A brief computer graphics / rendering course
Language: C++ - Size: 61.1 MB - Last synced at: 4 days ago - Pushed at: 4 days ago - Stars: 21,969 - Forks: 2,085
Gpinchon/MSG
MSG (FUIYOH!) stands for Modular Scene-Graph
Language: C++ - Size: 15 MB - Last synced at: 4 days ago - Pushed at: 4 days ago - Stars: 13 - Forks: 0
HaydenD100/OpenGLRenderingEngine
Multiplayer FPS OpenGL Rendering/Game Engine written in C++
Language: C++ - Size: 1.09 GB - Last synced at: 4 days ago - Pushed at: 4 days ago - Stars: 8 - Forks: 1
Korsreven/ion
A fast and lightweight 2D game engine.
Language: C++ - Size: 17.3 MB - Last synced at: 4 days ago - Pushed at: 5 days ago - Stars: 7 - Forks: 3
geeknik/citadel-browser
A from-scratch browser engine engineered to obliterate tracking, crush fingerprinting, and restore user sovereignty with extreme technical precision.
Language: Rust - Size: 216 KB - Last synced at: 5 days ago - Pushed at: 5 days ago - Stars: 2 - Forks: 0
XieYHccc/Quark
My personal game engine for learning purpose
Language: C++ - Size: 312 MB - Last synced at: 4 days ago - Pushed at: 5 days ago - Stars: 17 - Forks: 2
litehtml/litehtml
Fast and lightweight HTML/CSS rendering engine
Language: C++ - Size: 33.9 MB - Last synced at: 5 days ago - Pushed at: 5 days ago - Stars: 2,056 - Forks: 251
tinic/constixel
constixel is a single header minimalistic constexpr C++20 2D graphics rendering library
Language: C++ - Size: 54.7 MB - Last synced at: 5 days ago - Pushed at: 5 days ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
pixijs/pixijs
The HTML5 Creation Engine: Create beautiful digital content with the fastest, most flexible 2D WebGL renderer.
Language: TypeScript - Size: 110 MB - Last synced at: 5 days ago - Pushed at: 6 days ago - Stars: 45,184 - Forks: 4,861
maxbrundev/Rasterizer
CPU Software Rasterizer
Language: C++ - Size: 116 MB - Last synced at: 5 days ago - Pushed at: 5 days ago - Stars: 5 - Forks: 0
wpsimon09/Vulkan-RTX
Simple Vulkan GPU accelerated path tracer combined with PBR raster renderer governed by nice editor
Language: C++ - Size: 73.3 MB - Last synced at: 6 days ago - Pushed at: 6 days ago - Stars: 10 - Forks: 0
aarvinroshin/skeem
Extensible server rendering engine for artisans
Language: TypeScript - Size: 11.7 KB - Last synced at: 5 days ago - Pushed at: 6 days ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
wh1t3lord/kotek
Framework for building your game engine or any application. OpenGL ES & Vulkan with C++20.
Language: C++ - Size: 5.45 MB - Last synced at: 5 days ago - Pushed at: 6 days ago - Stars: 13 - Forks: 7
DaanDemaecker/DDM3-Lite-Engine
A small, self made 3D, component based engine that uses Vulkan to render
Language: C - Size: 251 MB - Last synced at: 6 days ago - Pushed at: 6 days ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
slightknack/keikan
An elegant (imo) rendering engine written in Rust.
Language: Rust - Size: 11.2 MB - Last synced at: 6 days ago - Pushed at: about 3 years ago - Stars: 59 - Forks: 0
Angelo1211/SoftwareRenderer
Software rendering engine with PBR. Built from scratch on C++.
Language: C++ - Size: 210 MB - Last synced at: 7 days ago - Pushed at: over 4 years ago - Stars: 666 - Forks: 69
Thomvanoorschot/zignite
Zignite is a Cross-platform graphics engine built with Zig, featuring WebGPU rendering using GLFW for window management. It has WebAssembly and native support
Language: Zig - Size: 3.96 MB - Last synced at: 7 days ago - Pushed at: 7 days ago - Stars: 4 - Forks: 0
nmoehring/VknConfig
VknConfig: A C++ library that abstracts away much of the boilerplate involved in Vulkan setup, providing a higher-level interface for configuring and managing Vulkan objects.
Language: C++ - Size: 954 KB - Last synced at: 5 days ago - Pushed at: 5 days ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
Name-hw/JanRenderer
심심해서 만든 C++17과 Zig로 작성된 Vulkan 렌더링 엔진
Language: C++ - Size: 12.6 MB - Last synced at: 7 days ago - Pushed at: 8 days ago - Stars: 1 - Forks: 0
yeetari/vull
A vulkan renderer
Language: C++ - Size: 12.2 MB - Last synced at: 8 days ago - Pushed at: 9 days ago - Stars: 12 - Forks: 1
skientia/ORBX
ORBX file repository
Size: 21.5 MB - Last synced at: 8 days ago - Pushed at: 9 days ago - Stars: 1 - Forks: 0
nextapps-de/mikado
The fastest template library/engine for building web-based user interfaces and apps.
Language: JavaScript - Size: 2.74 MB - Last synced at: 7 days ago - Pushed at: 10 months ago - Stars: 821 - Forks: 36
jesusdoesnotloveyou/SandboxEngine
My first try in engine developing with OpenGL (2022-2023)
Language: C++ - Size: 809 KB - Last synced at: 9 days ago - Pushed at: 9 days ago - Stars: 1 - Forks: 0
Kaetram/Kaetram-Open
Kaetram is an open-source 2D HTML5 MMORPG. It is an extended version of BrowserQuest (BQ).
Language: TypeScript - Size: 804 MB - Last synced at: 8 days ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 603 - Forks: 131
xiaoiver/infinite-canvas-tutorial
A tutorial on infinite canvas
Language: TypeScript - Size: 32.5 MB - Last synced at: 10 days ago - Pushed at: 10 days ago - Stars: 556 - Forks: 23
WW92030-STORAGE/VSC
Portable 3D Real-Time Rendering Engine in C++
Language: C++ - Size: 5.49 MB - Last synced at: 10 days ago - Pushed at: 10 days ago - Stars: 114 - Forks: 3
sanyabeast/pixton 📦
A lightweight 2D rendering engine for JavaScript with interactive capabilities. Features include sprite handling, vector graphics, event management, and DOM-like manipulation for HTML5 Canvas with a simple object-oriented API.
Language: JavaScript - Size: 414 KB - Last synced at: 10 days ago - Pushed at: 10 days ago - Stars: 2 - Forks: 0
Overload-Technologies/Overload
3D game engine with lua scripting
Language: C++ - Size: 49.3 MB - Last synced at: 10 days ago - Pushed at: 11 days ago - Stars: 2,218 - Forks: 266
paxdotdev/pax
User interface engine with an integrated vector design tool, built in Rust
Language: Rust - Size: 90.4 MB - Last synced at: 8 days ago - Pushed at: 7 months ago - Stars: 504 - Forks: 28
pierodn/gdevice
Parallel Computing Engine
Language: C++ - Size: 45.6 MB - Last synced at: 11 days ago - Pushed at: 11 days ago - Stars: 10 - Forks: 1
JoeStrout/microstein
Wolfenstein-style pseudo-3D rendering code for Mini Micro
Size: 60.5 KB - Last synced at: 12 days ago - Pushed at: 12 days ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
s-macke/VoxelSpace
Terrain rendering algorithm in less than 20 lines of code
Language: C - Size: 32.2 MB - Last synced at: 11 days ago - Pushed at: about 1 year ago - Stars: 6,540 - Forks: 281
StefanPetrick/animartrix
High fidelity & high-res LED animations for microcontrollers with hardware FPU (Teensy 4.x, 3.5, 3.6 & ESP32 S3)
Language: C++ - Size: 2.68 MB - Last synced at: 6 days ago - Pushed at: about 1 year ago - Stars: 68 - Forks: 10
konstatoivanen/PKRenderer
A Physically Based Vulkan Renderer.
Language: C++ - Size: 151 MB - Last synced at: 12 days ago - Pushed at: 12 days ago - Stars: 32 - Forks: 4
aantropov/sailor
A high-performance Vulkan multi-threaded rendering engine, incorporating advanced features such as Tile Based Rendering, Physically Based Rendering (PBR), and advanced lighting and shadow techniques.
Language: C++ - Size: 395 MB - Last synced at: 14 days ago - Pushed at: 14 days ago - Stars: 34 - Forks: 5
ssloy/tinyraytracer
A brief computer graphics / rendering course
Language: C++ - Size: 151 MB - Last synced at: 11 days ago - Pushed at: almost 2 years ago - Stars: 5,171 - Forks: 338
crud89/LiteFX
Modern, flexible computer graphics and rendering engine, written in C++23 with support for Vulkan 🌋 and DirectX 12 ❎.
Language: C++ - Size: 91.4 MB - Last synced at: 13 days ago - Pushed at: 14 days ago - Stars: 95 - Forks: 9
jonobr1/two.js
A renderer agnostic two-dimensional drawing api for the web.
Language: JavaScript - Size: 16.8 MB - Last synced at: 14 days ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 8,468 - Forks: 458
Sunset-Studios/Sundown
WebGPU game engine for fun and games.
Language: JavaScript - Size: 135 MB - Last synced at: 4 days ago - Pushed at: 4 days ago - Stars: 64 - Forks: 1
verygoodgraphics/vgg_runtime
The official implementation of VGG Specs with cross-platform vector graphics and user interfaces.
Language: C++ - Size: 20.5 MB - Last synced at: 7 days ago - Pushed at: 7 months ago - Stars: 58 - Forks: 4
igni-project/ignition2
Real-time render engine and display server
Size: 1000 Bytes - Last synced at: 16 days ago - Pushed at: 16 days ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
julrog/nn_vis
A project for processing neural networks and rendering to gain insights on the architecture and parameters of a model through a decluttered representation.
Language: Python - Size: 8.58 MB - Last synced at: 16 days ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 1,142 - Forks: 186
ssloy/tinykaboom
A brief computer graphics / rendering course
Language: C++ - Size: 10.6 MB - Last synced at: 17 days ago - Pushed at: over 2 years ago - Stars: 2,380 - Forks: 107
skywind3000/RenderHelp
:zap: 可编程渲染管线实现，帮助初学者学习渲染
Language: C++ - Size: 4.95 MB - Last synced at: 16 days ago - Pushed at: 9 months ago - Stars: 1,401 - Forks: 174
Angelo1211/HybridRenderingEngine
Clustered Forward/Deferred renderer with Physically Based Shading, Image Based Lighting and a whole lot of OpenGL.
Language: C++ - Size: 420 MB - Last synced at: 16 days ago - Pushed at: about 3 years ago - Stars: 1,440 - Forks: 128
admtrv/objcurses
ncurses 3d object viewer
Language: C++ - Size: 14.3 MB - Last synced at: 17 days ago - Pushed at: 17 days ago - Stars: 45 - Forks: 2
volfpeter/htmy
Async, pure-Python server-side rendering engine.
Language: Python - Size: 959 KB - Last synced at: 17 days ago - Pushed at: 23 days ago - Stars: 315 - Forks: 6
ssloy/tinyraycaster
486 lines of C++: old-school FPS in a weekend
Language: C++ - Size: 26.7 MB - Last synced at: 16 days ago - Pushed at: over 6 years ago - Stars: 1,943 - Forks: 143
Rythe-Interactive/Rythe-Engine
Rythe is a data-oriented C++20 game engine built to make optimal use of modern hardware.
Language: C++ - Size: 335 MB - Last synced at: 16 days ago - Pushed at: 23 days ago - Stars: 536 - Forks: 29
horde3d/Horde3D
Horde3D is a small 3D rendering and animation engine. It is written in an effort to create an engine being as lightweight and conceptually clean as possible.
Language: C++ - Size: 11.5 MB - Last synced at: 10 days ago - Pushed at: 9 months ago - Stars: 1,562 - Forks: 306
mortennobel/SimpleRenderEngine
Small C++14 render engine
Language: C++ - Size: 27.5 MB - Last synced at: 19 days ago - Pushed at: over 6 years ago - Stars: 353 - Forks: 62
begla/Intrinsic
Intrinsic is a Vulkan based cross-platform game and rendering engine. The project is currently in an early stage of development.
Language: C++ - Size: 94.3 MB - Last synced at: 16 days ago - Pushed at: about 2 years ago - Stars: 1,044 - Forks: 75
SardineFish/zogra-renderer
A simple WebGL2 renderer.
Language: TypeScript - Size: 14.3 MB - Last synced at: 7 days ago - Pushed at: 4 months ago - Stars: 26 - Forks: 2
bnpr/Malt
Render framework for NPR.
Language: Python - Size: 6.48 MB - Last synced at: 17 days ago - Pushed at: 3 months ago - Stars: 1,045 - Forks: 78
oat-sa/qti-sdk
A QTI (Question & Test Interoperability) Software Development Kit for PHP
Language: PHP - Size: 16.2 MB - Last synced at: 16 days ago - Pushed at: 25 days ago - Stars: 84 - Forks: 32
ajweeks/FlexEngine
Cross-platform game engine with Vulkan backend
Language: C++ - Size: 1.2 GB - Last synced at: 9 days ago - Pushed at: 9 months ago - Stars: 1,036 - Forks: 53
TzuChieh/Photon-v2
A program that takes photographs of a virtual world.
Language: C++ - Size: 76.6 MB - Last synced at: 5 days ago - Pushed at: 6 days ago - Stars: 90 - Forks: 6
renpenguin/gemini-engine
A 2D/3D monospaced ASCII rendering engine
Language: Rust - Size: 352 KB - Last synced at: 23 days ago - Pushed at: 3 months ago - Stars: 31 - Forks: 1
Silent0Wings/RayCast-Renderer
The RayCast Renderer efficiently generates 2D images from 3D scenes by tracing rays to detect surface intersections. It assigns properties like color to triangles to define the final image, avoiding complex light interactions to ensure clarity.
Language: C++ - Size: 38.8 MB - Last synced at: 17 days ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
adepke/VanguardEngine
Experimental DirectX 12 Rendering Engine
Language: C++ - Size: 76.4 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 86 - Forks: 10
middlefeng/NuoModelViewer
A simple Wavefront OBJ viewer.
Language: C++ - Size: 22.5 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 306 - Forks: 40
sutaC/Renderer3D
Simple 3D rendering engine build in typescript. It draws 3D objects loaded from .obj files and provides fearures for creating interactive experiences.
Language: TypeScript - Size: 588 KB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 2 - Forks: 0
BlueBrain/BioExplorer
The Blue Brain BioExplorer (BBBE) is a tool for data visualization experts and scientists to extract and analyze scientific data from visualization and interactive exploration
Language: C++ - Size: 444 MB - Last synced at: 21 days ago - Pushed at: 7 months ago - Stars: 65 - Forks: 10
tessapower/DXEngine
Hardware accelerated DX11-based rendering engine created to support custom shader development
Language: C++ - Size: 325 KB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 1 - Forks: 0
nithinp7/Althea
Althea is a glTF-based rendering engine built in Vulkan.
Language: C++ - Size: 563 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 19 - Forks: 0
Azzinoth/FocalEngine
Focal Engine is an open-source, modular 3D rendering and game engine built with C++ and OpenGL, designed for real-time graphics, visualization, and interactive applications.
Language: C++ - Size: 115 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 3 - Forks: 4
JoeyTeng/jaxrenderer
Differentiable Rasteriser implemented in JAX. Reference: https://github.com/erwincoumans/tinyrenderer, https://github.com/ssloy/tinyrenderer/wiki; PR: https://github.com/google/brax/pull/367
Language: Jupyter Notebook - Size: 47.4 MB - Last synced at: 28 days ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 72 - Forks: 7
nvm11/GameGraphicsProgramming Fork of vixorien/D3D11Starter
Rendering Engine Built in D3D11 (DirectX 11)
Language: C++ - Size: 70.8 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
Prograda/Skybolt
C++/Python-based 3D geospatial application for simulating and visualizing dynamic objects in planetary environments
Language: C++ - Size: 3.12 MB - Last synced at: 25 days ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 590 - Forks: 49
MatinAfzal/FloatArtsEngine
OpenGL Python 3D Engine
Language: Python - Size: 4.11 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 10 - Forks: 0
lprez/Ombra
Graphics engine written in Haskell.
Language: Haskell - Size: 11.9 MB - Last synced at: 28 days ago - Pushed at: over 5 years ago - Stars: 36 - Forks: 3
dragos-tudor/frontend-rendering
Rewritten React core library [functional principles].
Language: JavaScript - Size: 670 KB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
phppkg/easytpl
⚡️ Simple and fastly template engine for PHP.
Language: PHP - Size: 104 KB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 25 - Forks: 2
sshailabh/awesome-template-engine
A curated list of references for template engines
Language: Python - Size: 93.8 KB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 36 - Forks: 1
KaiChuuu/Realistic-Water-Caustics-in-pbrt
Worked in a Grad research project with a teammate. The goal was to render physically accurate caustic effects through bodies of water in pbrt
Language: C++ - Size: 298 MB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
zong4/ZongEngine
Game engine
Language: C++ - Size: 612 MB - Last synced at: 19 days ago - Pushed at: 7 months ago - Stars: 88 - Forks: 7
hanyangl5/horizon
precompute atmospheric scattering
Language: C++ - Size: 201 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: about 1 month ago - Stars: 9 - Forks: 2
Nightre/Rapid.js
🚀 A blazing-fast, minimalist WebGL 2D engine focused purely on rendering. Zero game architecture dependencies
Language: TypeScript - Size: 4.3 MB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 13 - Forks: 2
gents83/INOX
Rust Game engine integrated in Blender [WebGPU ready]
Language: Rust - Size: 5.91 GB - Last synced at: 7 days ago - Pushed at: 3 months ago - Stars: 114 - Forks: 8
kbladin/Monte_Carlo_Ray_Tracer
A program with an implemented Monte Carlo Ray Tracer algorithm for global illumination of a virtual 3D scene.
Language: C++ - Size: 20.7 MB - Last synced at: 25 days ago - Pushed at: over 6 years ago - Stars: 142 - Forks: 30
DunHouGo/renderEngine
Custom API wrapper for popular render engines in Cinema 4D.
Language: Python - Size: 848 KB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 13 - Forks: 5
vkeshav300/spacetime-renderer
A physics-based rendering built on Metal.
Language: C++ - Size: 334 KB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 1 - Forks: 0
MerianBerry/stormground
Stormworks Lua drawing API replica, with some creative liberties and roughly expanded API made in C. Supports Windows and Linux.
Language: C - Size: 1.7 MB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 1
aardvark-platform/aardvark.media
Serverside, functional (ELM style) front-end and UI for Aardvark, an open-source platform for visual computing, real-time graphics and visualization.
Language: JavaScript - Size: 18 MB - Last synced at: 19 days ago - Pushed at: about 2 months ago - Stars: 49 - Forks: 14
io7m-graveyard/r2 📦
Aggressively minimalist deferred renderer
Language: Java - Size: 30.1 MB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: over 6 years ago - Stars: 5 - Forks: 1
milcsu09/goldray
goldray - Psuedo 3D Rendering Engine
Language: C - Size: 31.3 KB - Last synced at: 2 months ago - Pushed at: 2 months ago - Stars: 0 - Forks: 0
WhichBrowser/Parser-JavaScript
Browser sniffing gone too far — A useragent parser library for JavaScript
Language: JavaScript - Size: 2.27 MB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: over 1 year ago - Stars: 98 - Forks: 16
jcoder58/awesome3dengine
This is a list of 3D Engine related papers and code resources.
Size: 28.3 KB - Last synced at: about 1 month ago - Pushed at: over 5 years ago - Stars: 20 - Forks: 2
LaputanMachines/opengl-renderer
An OpenGL rendering engine written in pure C++ with no external libraries. We can input an obj file containing vertices and the engine will draw connect each vertex in 3D.
Language: C++ - Size: 49.2 MB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: almost 3 years ago - Stars: 34 - Forks: 4
benammann/git-secrets
a cli tool to manage and deploy configurations and secrets across multiple environments all stored inside your repository
Language: Go - Size: 12.4 MB - Last synced at: 4 days ago - Pushed at: over 2 years ago - Stars: 14 - Forks: 1
aemogie/sprite
(previously "timble.") "sprite" is an all-purpose rendering engine.
Language: Kotlin - Size: 272 KB - Last synced at: 2 months ago - Pushed at: 2 months ago - Stars: 2 - Forks: 1
QianMo/Real-Time-Rendering-4th-Bibliography-Collection
Real-Time Rendering 4th (RTR4) 参考文献合集典藏 | Collection of <Real-Time Rendering 4th (RTR4)> Bibliography / Reference
Language: HTML - Size: 12.3 GB - Last synced at: 2 months ago - Pushed at: over 2 years ago - Stars: 3,645 - Forks: 1,059
isocroft/browsengine
Engine Detection Script for Browsers on Any Device
Language: JavaScript - Size: 429 KB - Last synced at: about 2 months ago - Pushed at: 4 months ago - Stars: 25 - Forks: 2
